The detection of proteins is of crucial importance in the nowadays’ medicine for the early diagnosis of diseases. In this context, electrochemical immunoassays coupled with the recent advances in nanobiotechnology and nanomaterials (e.g. nanoparticles, NPs) offer new alternatives for clinical diagnostic procedures. Nanoparticles are being used for the electrochemical detection of proteins taking advantage of their versatility and electrochemistry inherent advantages.
This review describes the different ways of nanoparticles (NP) based approaches for the electrochemical detection of proteins of interest in medical diagnostics reported in the last five years. Furthermore, some examples of interesting methodologies optimised only for model proteins are also given because of their potential interest for future clinical applications.